MESA Lab / IIE-CAS research (patent application no. 202410203156.3, "一种基于主动探测的Tor桥节点的隐藏节点发现方法及系统") built automated active-probing tooling that discovered 44 "ShadowBridge" instances and 71 hidden real-IP nodes behind public Tor bridges over a 3-month run, finding this hidden-node churn increased the count of ASes able to eavesdrop on bridge traffic by roughly 30.8%; the same effort built an automated bridge-collection pipeline (proxied Gmail-based bridge requests plus manual enumeration, ~8000 bridge addresses collected) and a private Tor test range including private obfs4 and meek bridge deployments.

The zhuyujia/diamondv repo (branch "DoH_Scan") documents at least four rounds of systematic DoH-resolver and recursive-DNS-server discovery scans by IIE/MESA-Lab-affiliated researchers, with a companion DNS-probing tool (modikai/dtool: cache/rdns/record probers) and a commit explicitly labeled "upload corresponding egress servers", indicating the same effort also catalogs discovered egress/exit-node infrastructure alongside DNS-resolver reconnaissance.

A 2020 MESA Lab monthly report describes building an encrypted-DNS gateway device and a self-hosted DoH server that was wired directly into a live "TSG platform WAN net interface", alongside a passive DoH-service-discovery pipeline that found 39 new DoH-serving domains in a single day of backbone ("科技网") traffic; a related note documents actively probing known DoH-serving IPs' upstream resolvers via a proxy network across 196 countries to check which still function.

A 2024 MESA-team-supervised MS thesis ("面向DPI中间件的探测行为检测关键技术研究") builds detection of both measurement-oriented and evasion-oriented probing directed AT DPI middleboxes, using source-IP statistical features, with the stated goal of reducing the middlebox's resource consumption/exposure of characteristics under such probing and preventing DPI-middlebox function failure -- i.e., defensive hardening against exactly the class of academic censorship-measurement and evasion-search techniques (Censored Planet/GFWatch-style probing, Geneva-style automated evasion discovery) cataloged in this lab's own literature survey (see 2026-mesa-censorship-research-survey-f8c349).

The same MESA team overview describes a global "cyberspace mapping" active-reconnaissance platform built on rented distributed cloud nodes worldwide as a rotating probe/proxy pool (unreachable nodes replaced on an ongoing basis), plus an AI-driven (OCR + image recognition) UI-automation framework that can drive Android/iOS apps and web systems from natural-language test scripts for large-scale automated probing and data collection.

A published MESA Lab / IIE-CAS paper ("ExitSniffer", CCIS-2021) and two filed patents describe a tool that actively builds 2-hop Tor circuits through every exit relay to decoy websites and diffs the decoy's observed source IP against the relay's public consensus IP to expose non-public "hidden node" infrastructure behind Tor exits (96% coverage of all exits in about 50 seconds), plus a complementary passive method -- a government-funded ("国家信息安全项目") controlled Tor relay that logs real predecessor-hop IPs -- that found hidden nodes behind 71 of 6,850 tracked routing nodes; the same research program's dataset separately logs 10,412,582 real anonymous-user access records against 1,627,920 distinct clearnet domains visited through Tor.

An internal encrypted-DNS research report outlines a DoH-server discovery methodology combining public-list lookups, TLS-certificate-based active probing, and an ML-based hybrid active+passive detection method, feeding a global-vs-domestic-network DoH deployment mapping exercise that concludes with a "管控" (control/blocking) recommendations section; the extracted text preserves only section headers/outline, not the underlying methodological detail or numeric findings.